The flawed peace process in the DRC and the birth of an armed franchise Publication by Jason Stearns et al., Usalama Project The Rift Valley Institute 2013 Understanding Congolese Armed Groups In 2011, a new kind of mobilization emerged in rural areas of the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo. The Raia Mutomboki (‘Outraged Citizens’) was a grassroots response to rampant insecurity, in particular to the abuses perpetrated by the Forces démocratiques

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