Nigeria’s Boko Haram: Baga destruction ‘shown in images’

BBC

15 January 2015

Satellite images of Nigerian towns attacked by Boko Haram show widespread destruction and suggest a high death toll, Amnesty International says.

The images show some 3,700 structures damaged or destroyed in Baga and Doron Baga this month, Amnesty said.

Nigeria’s government has disputed reports that as many as 2,000 were killed, putting the toll at just 150.

Amnesty cited witnesses saying that militants had killed indiscriminately. It said the damage was “catastrophic”.

There has been a surge in violence linked to Boko Haram. In the past week there have been several attacks, including by suspected child suicide bombers.

Nigeria is to hold elections next month, amid growing doubts whether they can successfully go ahead in all parts of the country.

‘Wiped off the map’

Amnesty said the attack on Baga and Doron Baga, neighbouring towns in the far north-east of Nigeria, was the largest and deadliest Boko Haram assault that it had analysed. It said about 620 structures had been destroyed in Baga, and more than 3,100 in Doron Baga.

The before and after satellite images were taken on 2 January and 7 January. Healthy vegetation is shown in red on the graphics.

Many wooden fishing boats that dot the shoreline on 2 January are no longer visible five days later.

“These detailed images show devastation of catastrophic proportions in two towns, one of which was almost wiped off the map in the space of four days,” Daniel Eyre, an Amnesty researcher, said in a statement.

“It represents a deliberate attack on civilians whose homes, clinics and schools are now burnt out ruins,” he said.

The BBC’s Will Ross says that while the images show the destructive nature of Boko Haram, they do not help establish just how many people were killed.

Last week, Musa Alhaji Bukar, a senior government official in the area, said that fleeing residents told him that Baga, which had a population of about 10,000, was now “virtually non-existent”.

“It has been burnt down,” he told the BBC Hausa service.

Boko Haram’s capture of Baga03 January: Social media reports of Baga attack first emerge

04 January: Boko Haram claims to have captured Baga

08 January: Reports emerge of bodies strewn on the streets in Baga, with some saying 2,000 people killed

12 January: The government says that the number of people who lost their lives in Baga was no more than 150, including militants

15 January: Satellite images released by Amnesty International suggest the number of dead is far higher than officially admitted

Officials said militants had attacked Baga on 7 January, four days after overrunning a multinational military base in the town that had been abandoned by Nigerian troops.

Amnesty’s Adotei Akwei told the BBC that although it was still difficult to access the area where the attack took place, the Nigerian government was “grossly understating” the death toll.

“They killed so many people,” one man told the group. “I saw maybe around 100 killed at that time in Baga. I ran to the bush. As we were running, they were shooting and killing.”
Boko Haram at a glance
Founded in 2002
Initially focused on opposing Western education – Boko Haram means “Western education is forbidden” in the Hausa language
Launched military operations in 2009 to create Islamic state
Thousands killed, mostly in north-eastern Nigeria – also attacked police and UN headquarters in capital, Abuja
Some three million people affected
Declared terrorist group by US in 2013
Who are Boko Haram?

Why Nigeria has not defeated Boko Haram

One witness was quoted as saying that victims included small children and a woman in labour.

Afterwards, militants drove into the surrounding country, rounding up women, children and the elderly, unnamed witnesses told the group.

“Boko Haram took around 300 women and kept us in a school in Baga,” one woman, who Amnesty said had been held for four days, was quoted as saying.

“They released the older women, mothers and most of the children after four days but are still keeping the younger women.”

Featured Image: Satellite images have been processed to make vegetation clearer. Red areas indicate healthy vegetation. Copyright: DigitalGlobe.

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